Anuradhapura
Location
Anuradhapura, the ancient capital of Sri Lanka, is located in the North Central Province, approximately 205 kilometers north of Colombo. This city, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is renowned for its well-preserved ruins of ancient Sri Lankan civilization. Easily accessible by road and rail, Anuradhapura stands as a monumental testament to the island's rich historical and cultural tapestry.History
Anuradhapura was established as the first capital of Sri Lanka in the 4th century BC by King Pandukabhaya. It flourished for over a millennium until the 11th century AD, serving as a major center of Theravada Buddhism and royal power. The city’s long history is marked by the reigns of great kings such as Devanampiya Tissa, who embraced Buddhism in the 3rd century BC, and Dutugemunu, who unified the island in the 2nd century BC. Anuradhapura's extensive ruins and monuments reflect its status as a hub of political, religious, and cultural significance.
Speciality
Anuradhapura is famed for its collection of stupas (dagobas), monastic buildings, and ancient reservoirs. Among its many historical treasures are:
1. Sri Maha Bodhi - A sacred fig tree grown from a cutting of the original Bodhi tree under which Buddha attained enlightenment. It is one of the oldest trees in the world and a central pilgrimage site.
2. Ruwanwelisaya - This colossal stupa, built by King Dutugemunu, stands as a symbol of Sinhalese sovereignty and Buddhist devotion. Its gleaming white dome is a prominent feature of the Anuradhapura skyline.
3. Thuparamaya - The oldest stupa in Sri Lanka, believed to enshrine the right collarbone of Buddha. It was built by King Devanampiya Tissa and is an important religious site.
4. Jetavanaramaya - Once the tallest stupa in the world, it was built by King Mahasena and remains one of the largest brick structures ever created.
5. Abhayagiri Monastery - This sprawling complex was a major center of Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism, known for its impressive Abhayagiri Dagoba. Weather
Anuradhapura experiences a tropical climate with distinct dry and wet seasons. The dry season, from May to September, is ideal for exploring the ruins, with temperatures ranging from 25°C to 32°C (77°F to 90°F). The wet season, from October to January, brings heavy monsoon rains, which can make outdoor activities challenging. The period from February to April offers a mix of warm weather and occasional rains, making it another good time to visit.
Parking
Anuradhapura provides ample parking facilities near its major archaeological sites. Visitors will find secure and spacious parking areas, accommodating both private vehicles and tour buses. Early arrival is advisable, particularly during peak tourist seasons, to secure convenient parking and avoid the crowds.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Anuradhapura is during the early morning or late afternoon, especially during the dry season (May to September). These times offer cooler temperatures and better lighting for photography, enhancing the experience of exploring the ancient ruins. Avoiding the midday heat ensures a more comfortable visit. Other Places to Visit Around Anuradhapura
Beyond the central archaeological sites, Anuradhapura offers several other attractions that enrich the visitor experience:
1. Mihintale - Located about 12 kilometers east of Anuradhapura, this sacred mountain is the site where Buddhism was first introduced to Sri Lanka. It features numerous shrines, stupas, and rock inscriptions.
2. Isurumuniya - A picturesque rock temple famous for its intricate carvings, including the "Lovers" sculpture, depicting a royal couple.
3. Kuttam Pokuna (Twin Ponds) - These ancient bathing pools showcase advanced hydraulic engineering and are a testament to the sophisticated water management practices of ancient Sri Lanka.
4. Samadhi Buddha Statue - An iconic statue depicting Buddha in a state of deep meditation, located in the Mahamevnawa Park.
5. Aukana Buddha Statue - About 50 kilometers southeast of Anuradhapura, this 12- meter tall standing Buddha statue is one of the finest examples of ancient Sinhalese sculpture.
Conclusion
Anuradhapura stands as a monumental chronicle of Sri Lanka’s ancient glory, with its impressive stupas, sacred Bodhi tree, and extensive ruins. This ancient city offers visitors a profound glimpse into the island's rich historical and spiritual heritage. Whether you are a history enthusiast, a spiritual pilgrim, or a curious traveler, Anuradhapura promises an unforgettable journey through time, filled with awe-inspiring sights and profound serenity.